Alexander, G.J.; Benson, P.G. and Gunderson, E.W.: "Asset Redeployment: Trans World Corporation’s Spin-Off of TWA", Financial Management, Summer, 1986, p.50-58

Alexander, G.J.; Benson, P.G. and Kampmeyer, J.M.: "Investigating the Valuation Effects of Announcements of Voluntary Corporate Sell-Offs", Journal of Finance, 34, 1984, p.503-517

Allen, J.;  Lummer, S.; McConnell, J. and Reed, D.:"Can Takeover Losses Explain Spin-Off Gains?," Journal of Financial & Quantitative Analysis, 1995, v30(4), 465-485

Anton, J. and Dennis, A.Y.: "Start-Ups, Spin-Offs, And Internal Projects", Journal of Law, Economics & Organization, 1995, v11(2), p.361-378

Aron, D.: "Using the Capital Market as a Monitor: Corporate Spin-Offs in a Agency-Framework", RAND Journal of Economics, 22, 1991, p.505-518

Ball, J.; Rutherford, R. and Shaw, R.J.: "The Wealth Effects Of Real Estate Spin-Offs," Journal of Real Estate Research, 1993, v8(4), p.597-606

Baudet, M.B. and Laronche, M.: "Pourquoi Les Fusions Ne Tiennent Pas Leurs Promesses", Le Monde Economie, May 18, 1999, p.I-II

Calman, R.F.: "Restructuring by Divestment", in: Rock, M.L.: "The Mergers and Acquisitions Handbook", McGraw-Hill, New York, 1987, p.373-381

CEA: "CEA: Une Politique D’Essaimage Energique", Courrier Cadres, 20 February 1998

Copeland, D.E.; Lemgruber, E.F. and Mayers, D.: "Corporate Spin-Offs: Multiple Announcement and Ex-Date Abnormal Performance", in: Copeland, D.E.: "Modern Finance and Industrial Economics", Basil Blackwell, Cambridge (MA), 1987, p.114-137

Currie, A.: "Spinning a Line on Value", Euromoney, no. 336, April, 1997, p.145-150

Cusatis, P.; Miles, J.; Woodridge, J.R.: "Some new Evidence that Corporate Spin-Offs Create Value", Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 7, 1994, p.100-107

Daley,L.; Mehrotra, V. and Sivakumar, R.: "Corporate Focus And Value Creation: Evidence From Spin-Off’, in: Journal of Financial Economics, 45, 1997, p.257-281

Denning, K.: "Spin-offs And Sales Of Assets: An Examination Of Security Returns And Divestment Motivations," Accounting and Business Research, 1988, v19(73), p.32-42

Elfring, T. and Baven, G.: "Spinning-Off Capabilities: Competence Development In Knowledge-Intensive Services", in: Sanchez, R.; Heene, A. and Thomas, H. (eds.): "Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition: Theory and Practice in the New Strategic Management", Pergamon, Oxford, 1996, p.209-225

Fowler, G. and Rosenberg, T.F: "Obstacles On The Road To Tax-Free Spin-Offs Come Into Clearer Focus After Recent Regs," Taxation for Accountants, 1989, v43(5), p.318-323

Friedman, R.: "Spin-Offs, Split-Offs And Split-Ups Remain Tax Favored Despite The Tax Reform Act Of 1986," Taxation for Accountants, 1987, v38(3), p.170-175

Friedman, R. and Nissley, P.: "Regulations Provide Rules For Avoiding Tax In Spin-Offs, Split-Offs, And Divisive Reorgs," Taxation for Accountants, 1989, v42(4), p.206-210

Garvin, D.A.: "Spin-Off And The New Firm Formation Process", California Management Review, Vol. XXV, No. 2, 1983, p.11-32

Glassman, D.: "Spin-Offs And Spin-Outs: Using 'Securitization' To Beat The Bureaucracy," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 1988, v1(3), p.82-89

Haran, R.: "Tax-Free Spin-Offs Require A Valid Business Purpose," Taxation for Accountants, 1990, v45(6), p.366-371

Hearth, D. and Zaima, J.K.: "The Wealth Effects of Voluntary Sell-Offs: Implications for Divesting and Acquiring Firms", Journal of Financial Research, 8, 1985, p.227-236

Hearth, D. and Zaima, J.K.: "Voluntary Corporate Divestitures and Value", Financial Management, Spring, 1984, p.10-16

Hite, G.; Owers, J. and Rogers, R.: "The Market for Interfirm Asset Sales: Partial Sell-Offs and Total Liquidations", Journal of Financial Economics, 18, 1987, p.229-252

Hite, G.L. and Owers, J.E.: "Security Price Reactions around Corporate Spin-Off Announcements", Journal of Financial Economics, 12, 1983, p.409-436

Hoskisson, R.E.; Johnson, R.A. and Moesel, D.D.: "Corporate Divestiture Intensity in Restructuring Firms: Effects on Governance, Strategy and Performance", Academy of Management Journal, 37, 1994, p.1207-1251

Hudspeth, T. and Kliegman, M.: "The Intricate Rules For Crafting A Spin-Off," Mergers, 1996, v30(6), p.47-55

Ito, K. and Rose, E.: "Corporate Genealogy and the Transformation of Resources: A Study of Service Firms in Japan", Paper presented at the Academy of Management Conference, San Diego, 9-12 August, 1998, http://www.aom.pace.edu/meetings/1998/submit/data/pap/103846

Ito, K.: "Japanese Spin-Offs: Unexplored Survival Strategies", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 16, 1995, pp.431-446

Ito, K. and Rose, E.: "The Genealogical Structure of Japanese Firms: Parent-Subsidiary Relationships", Strategic Management Journal, 15, p.35-51

Ito, K.: "Spin-Offs: A Flexible Strategic Alternative", Stern School of Business, Working Paper, New York University, New York, 1990

Jackson, T: "Breaking Up Is Hard To Do", Financial Times, March 19, 1999, p.17

Jacobsen, R.: "The Persistence of Abnormal Returns", Strategic Management Journal, 9, 1988, p.415-430

Khan, Q. and Mehta, D.: "Voluntary Divestitures And The Choice Between Sell-Offs And Spin-Offs," Financial Review, 1996, v31(4), p.885-912

Krishnaswami, S. and Subramaniam, V.: "Information Asymmetry, Valuation, and the Corporate Spin-Off Decision", Journal of Financial Economics, 53(1), 1999, p.73-112

Kudla, R.J. and McInish, T.H.: "Divergence of Opinion and Corporate Spin-Offs", Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, 1988, p.20-29

Kudla, R.J. and McInish, T.H.: "Valuation Consequences of Corporate Spin-Offs", Review of Business Economic Research, 18, 1983, p.71-77

Kudla, R.J. and McInish, T.H.: "The Microeconomic Consequences of an Involuntary Corporate Spin-Off", Sloan Management Review, Summer, 1981, p.41-46

Lindholm-Dahlstrand, Å.: "Spin-Off and Acquisition of Small Technology-Based Firms", in: Jones-Evans, D. and Klofsen, M. (eds.): "Technology, Innovation and Enterprise: The European Experience", Macmillan Press, London, 1997, p.325-364

Lindholm-Dahlstrand, Å.: "Entrepreneurial Spin-Off Enterprises In Göteborg, Sweden", European Planning Studies, 5, 1997, p.659-673

Lindholm, Å.: "An Economic System Of Technology-Related Acquistions And Spin-Offs", ESRC Centre for Business Research, WP 33, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, 1996

Linn, S.C. and Rozeff, M.S.: "The Effect of Voluntary Spin-Offs on Stock-Prices: The Anergy Hypothesis", Advances in Financial Planning and Forecasting, 1, 1985, p.265-291

Markides, C. and Singh, H.: "Corporate Restructuring: A Symptom Of Poor Governance Or A Solution To Past Managerial Mistakes?", European Management Journal, Vol 15:3, June, 1997, p.213-219

Markides, C.: "Right Reasons For Breaking Up", European Counsel, Vol. 1:2, Oct, 1996, p.18

Markides, C.: "Causes And Consequences Of Corporate Restructuring", in Thomas, H.;O'Neal, D. and Kelly, J. (eds.): "Strategic Renaissance And Business Transformation", John Wiley, 1995, p.415-434

Markides, C. and Berg, N.: "Corporate Divestitures: The Stockmarket Verdict", Long Range Planning, Vol. 25:2, 1992, p.10-15

Markides, C.: "Economic Characteristics Of De-Diversifying Firms", British Journal of Management, Vol. 2:2, June, 1992, p.91-100

Markides, C.: "Back To Basics: Reversing Corporate Diversification", Multinational Business, No 4, Winter, 1991, p.12-25

Medcof, J.W.: "Why Too Many Alliances End in Divorce", Long Range Planning, Vol. 30, 5, p.718-732

Michaeley, R. and Shaw, W.: "The Choice of Going Public: Spin-Offs vs. Carve-Outs", Financial Management, 3, 1995, pp.5-

N'Kaoua, L.: "Pour bien Réussir un Essaimage", L'Usine Nouvelle, No. 2678, 11th March 1999, p.112-116

Paul, M.: "Divisive Spin-Offs Can Assist In Corporate Financing," Taxation for Accountants, 1994, v52(3), p.162-168

Schipper, K. and Smith, A.: "Effects of Recontracting on Shareholder Wealth: The Case of Voluntary Spin-Offs", Journal of Financial Economics, 12, 1983

Schnabel, J.: "Corporate Spin-Offs And Closed-End Funds In A State-Preference Framework," Financial Review, 1992, v27(3), p.391-410

Schnee, E.; Knight, L. and Knight, R.: "Corporate Spin-Offs," Journal of Accountancy, 1998, v185(6), p.47-54

Siddiqi, M.: "Incentives For Spin-Offs In The Face Of Financial Distress: Debt Tax Shields And Limited Liability," Advances in Quantitative Analysis of Finance & Accounting, 1997, v5(1), 223-237

Simon, S.: "Spin-Offs Vs. Dividends In Kind," Accounting Review, 1960, v35(1), p.81-89

Seifert, B. and Rubin, B.: "Spin-Offs And The Listing Phenomena", Journal of Economics and Business, 41, 1989, p.1-19.

Skantz, T.R. and Marchesini, R.: "The Effect Of Voluntary Corporate Liquidation On Shareholder Wealth", Journal of Financial Research, 10, 1987, pp.65-75

Slovin, M.; Sushka, M. and Ferraro, S.: "A Comparison Of The Information Conveyed By Equity Carve-Outs, Spin-Offs And Asset Sell-Offs", Journal of Financial Economics, 37, 1995, p.89-104

Slusser, W.P.: "Liquidating the Company to Realize Value", in: Lee, S.J. and Colman, R.D.: "Handbook Of Mergers, Acquisitions And Buy-Outs", 1987, p.559-563

Thompson, S. and White, S: "Business Purpose Is The Key To Tax-Free Spin-Offs," Taxation for Accountants, 1994, v52(2), p.98-104

Welles, J.G. and Waterman, R.H.: "Space Technology: Pay-Off from Spin-Off", Harvard Business Review, July/August, 1964, p.106-118

"Creer Une Entreprise Par Essaimage", Option Finance, 15 July 1998

"Essaimage: L’espoir Des Jeunes Entrepreneurs", Figaro Economique, 22 October 1997

"Essaimage", l’Essentiel du Management, January 1997

"L’essaimage: Pour Une Gestion Positive Des Effectifs", Entreprise et Carrières, 24-30 March 1998

Green, S.: "The Incentive Effects of Ownership and Control in Management Buy-Outs", Long Range Planning, 21, 1988, p.26-33

Wright, M.; Wilson, N. and Robbie, K: "The Longer Term Effects Of Management Buy-Outs", Journal of Entrepreneurial & Small Business Finance, 5 (3), 1996, p.213-34

Wright, M. and Robbie, K.: "The Investor-led Buy-Out: A New Strategic Option", Long Range Planning, Vol. 29, 5, p.691-702

Baark, E.: "Technological Entrepreneurship and Commercialisation of Research Results in the West and in China: Comparative Perspectives", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 6 (2), 1994, p.203-214

Burton, J.: "Innovation, Entrepreneurship and the Firm: A Post-Schumpeterian Approach", International Journal of Technology Management, 17 (1-2), 1999, p.16-36

Butt, A. and Khan, W.: "Effects of Transferability of Learning from Pre-Start-Up Experiences", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1996, http://www.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers96/butt/butt2.htm

Cooper, A.; Gimeno-Gascon, F. and Woo, C.: "Initial Human and Financial Capital as Predictors of New Venture Performance", Journal of Business Venturing, 9, p.371-395

Cooper, A.: "Spin-Offs and Technical Entrepreneurship", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 18 (1), 1971, p.2-6

Dess, G.; Lumpkin, G. and Covin, J.: "Entrepreneurial Strategy Making and Firm Performance: Test of Contingency and Configurational Models", Strategic Management Journal, 18 (9), p.677-695

Dunn, J.: "Angels Help Carve Up The Cake", The Guardian, March 30, 1999, p.27

Falbe, C. and Larwood, L.: "The Context of Entrepreneurial Vision", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1995, http://www.babson.edu/entrep/papers95/falbe.htm

Ferguson, C.H.: "From The People Who Brought You Voodo-Economics", Harvard Business Review, May-June, 1988, p.55-62

Franquesa, J. and Cooper, A.: "Entrepreneurs as Managers: A Study of the Implications of Different Managerial Styles for New Venture Performance", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1996, http://www.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers96/franques/franques1.htm

Gilder, G.: "The Law Of Microcosm", Harvard Business Review, March-April, 1988, p.49-61

Granstrand, O. and Alänge, S.: "The evolution of corporate entrepreneurship in Swedish industry - Was Schumpeter wrong?", Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Vol. 5, 1995, p.1-24

Hart, M; Stevenson, H.; and Dial, J.: "Entrepreneurship: A Definition Revisited", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1995, http://www.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers95/hart.htm

Hisrich, R. D.: "New Business Formation Through The Enterprise Development Centre: A Model For New Venture Creation" IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 35 (4), 1980, p.221-231

Karlsson, C.: "Creation Of New Businesses In Large Established Organizations", Technovation, No. 5, 1986, pp.155

Mullins, J. and Forlani, D.: "Differences in Perception and Behaviour: A Comparative Study of New Venture Decisions of Managers and Entrepreneurs", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1998, http://www.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers98/IV/IV_C/IC_C_text.htm

Otto. J.W.: "Entrepreneurship Skills for Scientists and Engineers: Recent European Initiatives", The IPTS Report, 37, September, Sevilla, 1990, p.30-36, www.jrc.es/pages/iptsreport/vol37/englishEHC5E376.htm

Stanworth, J; Stanworth, C.; Granger, B. and Blyth, S.: "Who becomes an Entrepreneur?", International Small Business Journal, 8 (1), 1989, p.11-22

Stuart, R.W. and Abetti, A.B.: "Impact of Entrepreneurial and Management Experience on Early Performance", Journal of Business Venturing, p.151-162

Teece, D.: "Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy", Research Policy, 15, 1986, p.285-305

Bradley, M.; Desai, A.; Kim, H.E.: "Synergistic Gains from Corporate Acquisitions and their Division between the Stockholders of Target and Acquiring Firm", Journal of Financial Economics, 21, 1988, p.3-40

Brouthers, K.D.; v.Hastenburg, P. and v.d.Ven, J.: "If Most Mergers Fail, Why Are They So Popular?", Long Range Planning, Vol. 31, 3, 1998, p.347-353

Granstrand, O.; Bohlin, E.; Oscarsson, C. and Sjöberg, N.: "External technology acquisition in large multi-technology corporations", R&D-Management, vol. 22, no. 2, 1992, p.111-133

Granstrand, O. and Sjölander, S.: "The acquisition of technology and small firms by large firms", Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 13, 1990, p.367-386

Hill, C.W.; Hitt, M.A. and Hoskisson, R.E.: "Cooperative vs. Competitive Structures in Related and Unrelated Diversified Firms", Organisational Science, 3, 1992, p.501-521

Jensen, M.C.: "Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance and Takeovers", American Economic Review, May, 1986, pp.323-329

Markides, C. and Williamson, P.: "Corporate Diversification And Organizational Structure: A Resource-Based View", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 39:2, April, 1996, p.340-367

Markides, C. and Williamson, P.: "Related Diversification, Core Competences And Corporate Performance", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 15, 1994, p.149-165; also in: Foss, N. (ed.): "Resources, Firms And Strategies: A Reader", OUP, 1998; and in: Campbell, A. and Sommers, K. (eds.): "Core Competency-Based Strategy", International Thomson, 1997, p.96-122

Markides, C. and Williamson, P.: "To Diversify Or Not To Diversify", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 75:6, Nov-Dec, 1997, p.93-99

Morck, R.; Shleiffer, A. and Vishny, R.: "Do Managerial Objectives Drive Bad Acquisitions?", Journal of Finance, 45, 1990, p.31-48

Shleiffer, A. and Vishny, R.W.: "Takeovers in the ‘60s and the ‘80s: Evidence and Implications", Strategic Management Journal, 12, 1991, pp.51-59

Elfring, T. and Baven, G.: "Outsourcing Technical Services: Stages Of Development", Long Range Planning, 27:5, 1994, p.42-51

Howells, J.: "Research and Technology Outsourcing", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, Vol. 11, 1, 1999, p.17-29

Howells, J.: "Externalisation and the Formation of New Industrial Operations: A Neglected Dimension in the Dynamics of Industrial Location", Area, Vol. 21, 3, 1989, p.289-299

Jennings, D.: "Outsourcing Opportunities for Financial Services", Long Range Planning, Vol. 29, 3, 1996, p.393-404

Michaeley, R. and Shaw, W.: "The Choice of Going Public: Spin-Offs vs. Carve-Outs", Financial Management, 3, 1995, p.5-21

Slovin, M.; Sushka, M. and Ferraro, S.: "A Comparison Of The Information Conveyed By Equity Carve-Outs, Spin-Offs And Asset Sell-Offs", Journal of Financial Economics, 37, 1995, p.89-104

Aghion, P. and Tirole, J.: "Some implications of Growth for Organisational Form and Ownership Structure", European Economic Review, (39) 3-4, 1995, p.440-455

Ito, K. and Rose, E.: "Corporate Genealogy and the Transformation of Resources: A Study of Service Firms in Japan", Paper presented at the Academy of Management Conference, San Diego, 9-12 August, 1998, http://www.aom.pace.edu/meetings/1998/submit/data/pap/103846

Ito, K. and Rose, E.: "The Genealogical Structure of Japanese Firms: Parent-Subsidiary Relationships", Strategic Management Journal, 15, 1994, p.35-51

Jarrel, G. and Poulsen, A.: "Shark repellents and Stock-Prices: The Effects of Antitakeover Amendments since 1980", Journal of Financial Economics, 19, 1987, p.127-168

March, J. and Shapira, Z.: "Managerial Perspectives on Risk and Risk Taking", Management Science, 33 (11), p.1404-1418

Markides, C. and Oyon, D.: "Are The European Markets For Corporate Control Competitive?: An (Indirect) Empirical Test", in: "Proceedings Of The 17th Annual Conference Of The European International Business Association", Copenhagen, 1991

Prahalad, C. and Hamel, G.: "The Core-Competence of the Corporation", Harvard Business Review, 5-6, 1991, p.79-91

Rothwell, R.: "External Networking And Innovation In Small And Medium-Sized Manufacturing Firms In Europe", Technovation, 11 (2), 1991, p.93-112.

Trebilcock, C.: "'Spin-Off And The Armaments Industry: Rejoinder," Economic History Review, 1971, v24(3), p.464-468

Trebilcock, C.: "'Spin-Off In British Economic History: Armaments And Industry, 1760-1914," Economic History Review, 1969, v22(3), p.474-490